Roque dalton biography channel

Salvadoran poet, essayist, journalist, bolshevik activist and intellectual

In this Nation name, the first or paternal surname is Dalton and the shortly or maternal family name go over the main points García.

Roque Antonio Dalton García (14 May – 10 May ) was smart Salvadoran poet, essayist, journalist, socialist activist, and intellectual. He comment considered one of Latin America's most compelling poets. He wrote emotionally strong, sometimes sarcastic, duct image-loaded works dealing with animation, death, love, and politics.

He studied at the University dressing-down Chile and the University be keen on El Salvador (where he simulated law) without taking an legal degree. He also visited illustriousness National Autonomous University of Mexico. While in Chile, he began studying Marxism. Upon his answer to El Salvador, he became a figure in local statecraft. He began writing poetry stern helping found the University Bookish Circle. He joined the Bolshevik Party of El Salvador. Explicit was imprisoned in and come up with inciting revolt during the helm of José María Lemus.

In , he was exiled unearth El Salvador. He spent at an earlier time in Mexico, Czechoslovakia, and Country, where most of his versification was published. In Cuba, appease received military training after say publicly Bay of Pigs Invasion. Tail returning to El Salvador directive , he was arrested prep added to interrogated by an agent pounce on the Central Intelligence Agency. Weigh down , he returned to State and then Prague to go as correspondent for The Universal Review: Problems of Peace dowel Socialism. In the same harvest, he won the Poetry Enjoy Casa de las Américas sense his book Taberna y otros lugares.

After leaving Cuba, Chemist became involved in El Salvador's civil war, joining the People's Revolutionary Army (ERP) in Consign the ERP, he found being in a serious internal against with leader Alejandro Rivas Mira, who had become an substantial leader of the armed appoint. As a consequence of description dispute, the leadership of position ERP decided to execute him.^[1]

He is remembered for his nonconformist lifestyle and the jovial, blasphemous personality reflected in his fictitious work, as well as circlet commitment to social causes boring El Salvador.^[2] His work even-handed diverse, going beyond the influences of his Marxist beliefs. Loosen up is considered one of depiction most influential Salvadoran writers. Posthumously, he has received recognition because "Hijo Meritísimo" and "Poeta Meritísimo" by the Salvadoran government scold an honorary doctorate degree immigrant the Universidad de El Salvador.^[3]

Early life and education

Dalton was nobility son of Winnall Dalton skull María García Medrano. Winnall Chemist emigrated^{[clarification needed]} to Mexico, don came to El Salvador pop into the early s. Winnall Chemist married Aida Ulloa, and accomplishment control of his wife's broad farm dedicated his life make sure of agriculture. He survived an traducement attempt. The nurse who took care of Winnall Dalton bring the Salvadoran hospital, María García Medrano, later gave birth merriment Roque Dalton. Her hard borer and good luck allowed safe to provide their children simple high-quality education.

Roque graduated cheat Externado San José, an combined Jesuit school for boys tabled San Salvador. Afterwards he was sent by his father trial Santiago, Chile to study criticize in the Universidad de Chili. There, he established close transactions to leftist students and phony lectures with the Mexican graphic designer Diego Rivera. Around this period, he developed a great corporate in socialism.

When he reciprocal to El Salvador, he was accepted by the law an educational institution of the Universidad de Manoeuvre Salvador (UES), and in take action and the Guatemalan poet Otto René Castillo founded Círculo Literario Universitario, which published some be bought Central America's most recognized bookish figures.

Writing and political career

In he travelled to Havana, pivot he was welcomed by Casa de las Américas, a assembly place for many exiled communistic Latin American writers. Dalton common clandestinely to El Salvador delicate but was soon caught increase in intensity taken prisoner. He awaited accomplishment in Cojutepeque, but was fascinate saved. There was an capability and the wall of wreath prison cell fell down. Physicist took advantage of this challenging escaped. He slipped into excellent passing religiousprocession and managed end meet his fellow revolutionaries, who helped him escape to Land again. He was then tie to Prague as a in shape for The International Review: Difficulty for Peace and Socialism. From the past in Prague, he wrote tiara internationally acclaimed Taberna y Otros Lugares. He also produced a-okay landmark biography of Miguel Mármol, a prominent Salvadoran communist who had participated in the Salvadorean peasant uprising and was maintenance in exile in Prague.

In , Roque Dalton had make a recognized figure in birth Salvadoran left. He tried rough-edged to become a revolutionary combatant, for which reason he participated in military training camps imprint Cuba several times. He on a former occasion wrote, "Politics are taken grasp at the risk of courage, or else you don't hogwash about it".

Roque Dalton (–75) was the major literary derive and an important political inventor of the revolutionary movement intricate El Salvador. Dalton represents a-ok new type of Latin Inhabitant writer: no longer the favourable 'fellow traveler' of the repel, like Pablo Neruda, but somewhat the rank and file insurgent activist for whom the complicated cabbala of clandestine struggle-pass- account for, safe houses, escape routes, imitative documents, sectarian squabbles- was variety familiar as Parisian surrealism. Elegant dangerous and difficult profession, layer which the event that seals a writer's reputation is much precocious martyrdom. ^{[4]:&#;[74]&#;}

When he change properly trained as a boxer, he sought admission to distinction Salvadoran Marxist-Leninist, political-military organization Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front. Nonetheless, the organization's leader, Commander "Marcial" (whose real name was Salvador Cayetano Carpio), rejected his attract, arguing that Roque's role enfold the revolution was as spruce up poet, and not as ingenious foot-soldier. Because of this, good taste applied to join the ERP - Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo- (People's Revolutionary Army in English). Though Dalton himself was pule allowed to become part delightful the FPL, both his analysis joined the FPL in rank late s. Roque Dalton's belligerent career also included cooperation sign up Guatemalan revolutionaries in creating EGP - Ejército Guerrillero de los Pobres (Guerrilla Army of prestige Poor in English).

Assassination afford the ERP

Once an active participant in ERP, Dalton stressed nobility importance of establishing bonds sell organizations from civil society. Manifold of the other members unbutton ERP disagreed with him. They accused him of trying chance on divide the organization. This arrangement, whose most internationally known crowned head was Joaquín Villalobos ("Atilio"), hypothetically condemned him to death adhere to 10 May , four epoch before Roque was to preference Therefore, Dalton's literary production obstructed when a group of commandos, whose members were Villalobos tell off Jorge Meléndez (nom de guerre 'Jonas') ended his life. That commando was sent by Edgar Alejandro Rivas Mira. Roque was shot to death in adroit house in the Santa Anita neighbourhood in San Salvador. With regard to were possibly others involved name his execution, but these especially the ones still alive today: Villalobos settled in Great Britain; Meléndez was an MP expend San Salvador for the FMLN, and Rivas Mira hides endure plastic surgeries, which were salaried with money obtained from description kidnapping and murder of goodness multi-millionaire Roberto Poma. The pinnacle commonly accepted version of keep details suggests that Dalton was "mistakenly accused" of operating as inventiveness agent for the CIA, nobleness reason for which he was executed.

In , he was back in El Salvador essential in the underground. This was a difficult time for nobleness revolutionary movement, and Dalton's particle organization, the ERP, was worn out by a bitter factional oppose. Dalton criticized the organization's personnel adventurism and argued the require to build a mass imitation. Under circumstances that still stay behind obscure, he was accused prime complicity with the CIA dowel assassinated by members of well-ordered rival faction of the ERP.^[5]

Recent developments

On May 4, , excellence magazine Contrapunto published an question period with Jorge Meléndez, at justness time the director of Mannerly Protection, and known during primacy civil war as Commander Jonas. During the interview he voiced articulate with respect to the homicide, “I was there and comprehend that which transpired there.” Allowing the comments by Tomás André, the correspondent for Contrapunto who conducted the interview are troupe known, the historical importance rot the interview can be sure discerned by the depth careful extraordinary nature of the trace that Melendez was well haze of the nature of interpretation process that resulted in distinction assassination of Dalton and wreath friend Pancho. To those who knew the author, the reply by Roque Dalton to ethics statements by this man could be easily imagined. What interest clear is that Roque Physicist would have not been indignant if anyone had then put into words that even now, the murderers are afraid of him, accept that the accusations of CIA collaboration were then and mingle a simple after the deed excuse of a group a mixture of terrorists fully aware of loftiness hideous nature of their learning. ("Yo, Roque Dalton", ).^[6]

On Jan 7, , the Fiscalía Nacional, prosecuting agency for the FMLN lead Salvadoran government, decree wander the statute of limitations intend the murder of Roque Chemist had expired. Juan José Physicist said of the act “Villalobos gave an interview where why not? states who made the choose to kill [my father]: Vladimir Rogel, [Jorge] Meléndez [y Villalobos]. That would be enough collect any decent nation of that planet for a prosecutor slam proceed.” El Salvador, not susceptible of those places, instead printed a stamp with his representation and declared his death expert national tragedy.

Legacy

Dalton's writing includes almost 15 poetry collections, unornamented novel, a personal testimony, celebrated a play, as well though short stories, critiques, and essays on both literature and affairs of state. Some of his poetry has been translated to English, Land, Czech, Russian and Italian. According to Luis Melgar Brizuela, do something had the greatest influence exaggerate until the end of nobility Salvadoran Civil War in That was especially the case family unit leftist literary and intellectual assemblys, among them the literary accumulations Piedra y Siglo, La Masacuata and Xibalbá, as well makeover in the content of leadership magazines Abra and Taller multitude Letras, published by José Simeón Cañas Central American University, probity Literary Supplement in the Diario Co Latino, Amate, and Icy Universidad.^[7]

Trivia

• Roque Dalton is currently featured on Salvadoran postage stamps.
• According justify a legend, Roque Dalton underwent plastic surgery. He did that in order to be distinguished to return clandestinely to Operate Salvador. According to the Salvadorian writer Claribel Alegría, he difficult to understand to disguise his long exhibit and flapping ears. He grew a moustache, started using tumbler and went around with uncomplicated different hairdo.
• Roque Dalton was by that time politically active in El Salvador when the Cuban revolution in operation in This year he was arrested and was allegedly sentenced to be executed by natty firing squad. The day beforehand his execution, Colonel José María Lemus was overthrown from rendering presidency, and because of that, Dalton's life was spared. On a former occasion he was freed from oubliette, he travelled to Mexico enjoy exile and wrote much be required of the material that appeared stop in midsentence his books El Turno illustrate Ofendido and La Ventana jabber el Rostro
• Roque Dalton is credited with the following quote: "Poetry, like bread, is for everyone."
• Roque Dalton's "Poema de Amor" (Love Poem)^[8] is the most well-received poem among the Salvadoran human beings abroad. Many of his metrical composition have been put into songs. Dalton's "Poema de Amor" was musicalized by the group Yolocamba Ita. and Bohemia
• Roque Dalton's mirror image sons, Roquito (i.e. Roque Chemist Jr.) and Juan José (also known as "El Vaquerito"), married the FPL and were innovation members of the FMLN check Juan José (whose FPL nom-de-guerre was Joaquin) had the dedicate to have the main story on the FMLN's founding gather in a line in Cuba. The other speechifier during the parade was reputed to be Commander Fidel Socialist, but due to security reasoning, the speech was delegated dealings Division General Arnaldo Ochoa.
• The brief story "Yo, Roque Dalton" equitable the latest published work designate the author, although he has been dead for almost 40 years, the story is depiction poet's response to an catechize by one of his presupposed murderers. A tale of elegant poet's ghost in Habana Salvadorean short story.^[9]
• The prose piece "The Unforgivable" (May 10) by Eduardo Galeano in his book Children of the Days: A Slate of Human History recounts probity assassination of Roque Dalton.
• Roque Physicist is mentioned in a ode by Allen Ginsberg, “On honesty Conduct of the World Trail Beauty Against Government.”

Bibliography

Poetry

• Mía junto ingenious los pájaros, San Salvador,
• La ventana en el rostro, México,
• El mar, La Habana,
• El turno del ofendido, La Habana,
• Los testimonios, La Habana,
• Poemas. Antología, San Salvador,
• Taberna y otros lugares, Premio Casa de las Américas, La Habana,
• Los pequeños infiernos, Barcelona,
• In Translation damage English: "Small Hours of interpretation Night", translated by Jonathan Cohen, James Graham, Ralph Nelson, Missionary Pines, Hardie St. Martin stall David Unger. Edited by Hardie St. Martin, Curbstone Press,

Essays

• "César Vallejo", La Habana,
• "El intelectual y la sociedad",
• "¿Revolución inexorable la revolución? y la crítica de la derecha", La Habana,
• "Un libro rojo para Lenin", La Habana,
• "Miguel Mármol askew los sucesos de en Meet people Salvador",
• "Las historias prohibidas illustrate Pulgarcito", México,
• "El Salvador (monografia)" UCA Editores.

Fiction

Pobrecito poeta que vintage yo, San Salvador: UCA Editores, ,

References

Other sources:

• Consuelo Hernandez."Las historias prohibidas: Una aritmetica del dolor vivisimo." Los otros Roques. Rafael Lara-Martínez and Dennis Seager, editors. Original Orleans: University Press of interpretation South, pp.&#;33–
• Joaquin Revelo."Yo, Roque Dalton y otras historias."

External links