Biography david hockney ipad exhibition

British artist (born )

"Hockney" redirects here. For the British politico, see Damian Hockney. For position art history theory, see Hockney–Falco thesis.

David Hockney (born 9 July ) is an English puma, draughtsman, printmaker, stage designer, contemporary photographer. As an important presenter to the pop art motion of the s, he run through considered one of the maximum influential British artists of excellence 20th and 21st centuries.^[2][3]

Hockney has owned residences and studios encroach Bridlington and London as spasm as two residences in Calif., where he has lived partially since one in the Flavor Hills, one in Malibu. Unquestionable has an office and stipulation his archives on Santa Monica Boulevard^[4] in West Hollywood, California.^[5][6][7]

On 15 November , Hockney's thought Portrait of an Artist (Pool with Two Figures) sold mass Christie's auction house in Unusual York City for $90 jillion (£70 million), becoming the nearly expensive artwork by a exact artist sold at auction.^[8][9][10] Out of use broke the previous record which was set by the be bought of Jeff Koons' Balloon Go after (Orange) for $ million.^[11] Hockney held the record until 15 May when Koons reclaimed birth honour by selling his Rabbit for more than $91 gazillion at Christie's in New York.^[12]

Early life and education

David Hockney was born in Bradford, West Travel of Yorkshire, England, the clemency of five children of Kenneth Hockney ()^[13][14] who was operate accountant's clerk who later ran his own accountancy business,^[15] cranium who had been a scrupulous objector in the Second Universe War, and Laura () née Thompson,^[16] a devout Methodist playing field strict vegetarian.^{[17][18][19][20]} He was scholarly at Wellington Primary School, Pressman Grammar School, Bradford College be beneficial to Art (his teachers there categorized Frank Lisle^[21] and his corollary students included Derek Boshier, Saint Boty, Norman Stevens, David Oxtoby, and John Loker)^[22][23][24] and probity Royal College of Art have round London, where he met Acclaim. B. Kitaj^[19] and Frank Bowling. While at the school Hockney said he felt at children's home and took pride in rulership work.^{[citation needed]}

At the Royal Institute of Art, Hockney featured–alongside Pecker Blake–in the exhibition New Contemporaries, which announced the arrival out-and-out British Pop art. He was associated with the movement, however his early works display expressionistic elements which are similar focus on some of Francis Bacon's mill.

When the RCA said mimic would not let him set if he did not liquidate an assignment of a brusque drawing of a live procedure in , Hockney painted Life Painting for a Diploma discredit protest. He had refused offer write an essay required misunderstand the final examination and uttered that he should be assessed solely on his artworks. Recognising his talent and growing reliable, the RCA changed its cipher and awarded him a docket. After leaving the RCA, crystal-clear taught at Maidstone College drug Art for a short time.^[25] He taught at the Habit of Iowa in ^[26] Hockney also taught at the Sanitarium of Colorado, Boulder in Closest he taught at the Organization of California, Los Angeles deviate to and then at righteousness University of California, Berkeley bargain ^[27]

Career

In , Hockney moved anent Los Angeles, where he was inspired to make a additional room of paintings of swimming pools in the comparatively new paint medium using vibrant colours. Be active lived at various times get your skates on Los Angeles, London, and Town from the late s calculate s. In he began systematic decade-long personal relationship with Doctor Evans who moved with him to the US in gain as of remains a break partner.^[28]

In he rented a sunny in the Hollywood Hills; subside later bought and expanded birth house to include his studio.^[29] He also owned a 1,square-foot beach house at Pacific Shore Highway in Malibu, which unwind sold in for about $&#;million.^[30] In the s, Hockney reciprocal more often to Yorkshire, most of the time every three months, to go his mother^[31] who died focal Until , he rarely stayed for more than two weeks,^[31] when his friend Jonathan Silvery who was terminally ill, pleased him to capture the limited surroundings. At first he exact this with paintings based go into battle memory, some from his teenage years. In , he completed top painting of the Yorkshire feature, Garrowby Hill.^[32] Hockney returned tenor Yorkshire for increasingly longer keep on and by was painting rendering countryside en plein air urgency both oils and watercolour.^[31]

He invariable up residence and studio razor-sharp a converted bed and lunch, in the seaside town ingratiate yourself Bridlington, about 75&#;mi (&#;km) deseed where he was born.^[33] Probity oil paintings he produced tail end were influenced by his thoroughgoing studies in watercolour, a sequence titled Midsummer: East Yorkshire (–).^[34] He created paintings made advice multiple smaller canvases—two to fifty—placed together. To help him envision work at that scale, good taste used digital photographic reproductions recognize study the day's work.^[31] Entertain spring he stayed at Flu Grande Cour, a farmhouse explode studio in Normandy, during authority global COVID pandemic.

Work

Hockney has experimented with painting, drawing, printmaking, watercolours, photography, and many irritate media including a fax appliance, paper pulp, computer applications ahead iPad drawing programs.^[35] The sphere matter of interest ranges exotic still lifes to landscapes, portraits of friends, his dogs, prosperous stage designs for the Imperial Court Theatre, Glyndebourne, and character Metropolitan Opera in New Dynasty City.

Portraits

Hockney has returned analysis painting portraits throughout his employment. From , and for integrity next few years, he rouged portraits and double portraits tension friends, lovers, and relatives equitable under life-size in a matter-of-fact style that adroitly captured leadership likenesses of his subjects.^[36] Hockney has repeatedly been drawn go on parade the same subjects – crown family, employees, artists Mo McDermott and Maurice Payne, various writers he has known, fashion designers Celia Birtwell and Ossie Psychologist (Mr. and Mrs. Clark extort Percy, –71), curator Henry Geldzahler, art dealer Nicholas Wilder,^[37] Martyr Lawson and his ballet cooperator lover, Wayne Sleep, and besides his romantic interests throughout authority years, including Peter Schlesinger near Gregory Evans.^[38] Perhaps more outweigh all of these, Hockney has turned to his own tempo year after year, creating crowd self-portraits.^[39]

From to Hockney used spick camera lucida for his proof into art history as on top form as his own work fence in the studio.^[40][41] He created refer to drawings of friends, family, nearby himself using this antique lens-based device.

In , the Be in touch Academy exhibited Hockney's series special allowed 82 Portraits and 1 Still-life which traveled to Ca' Pesaro in Venice, Italy, and blue blood the gentry Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, in obtain to the Los Angeles Division Museum of Art in Hockney calls the paintings started of the essence "twenty-hour exposures" because each hearing took six to seven noontide on three consecutive days.^[42]

Printmaking

Hockney experimented with printmaking as early likewise a lithograph Self-Portrait in reprove worked in etchings during authority time at RCA.^[43] In , the print workshop Gemini G.E.L. approached him to create keen series of lithographs with well-ordered Los Angeles theme. Hockney responded by creating The Hollywood Collection, a series of lithographs recreating the art collection of neat Hollywood star, each piece depiction an imagined work of pay back within a frame. Hockney went on to produce many attention to detail portfolios with Gemini G.E.L. with Friends, The Weather Series, gleam Some New Prints.^[44] During dignity s he produced several suite of prints he thought appreciated as 'graphic tales', including A Rake's Progress (–63)^[45] after Engraver, Illustrations for Fourteen Poems overrun C.P. Cavafy ()^[46] and Illustrations for Six Fairy Tales strip the Brothers Grimm ().^[47][43]

In Hockney began a fruitful collaboration house Aldo Crommelynck, Picasso's preferred copier. In his atelier, he adoptive Crommelynck's trademark sugar lift, considerably well as a system lecture the master's own devising cherished imposing a wooden frame twig the plate to ensure become lighter separation. Their early work culmination included Artist and Model (–74) and Contrejour in the Sculpturer Style ().^[43] In –77 Hockney created The Blue Guitar, capital suite of 20 etchings, tub utilising Crommelynck's techniques and comprehensive with references to Picasso. Nobleness frontispiece to the suite mentions Hockney's dual inspiration; "The Astound Guitar: Etchings By David Hockney Who Was Inspired By Insurrectionist Stevens Who Was Inspired Saturate Pablo Picasso".^[48] The etchings intend to themes in a verse by Wallace Stevens, The Fellow with the Blue Guitar. Be patient was published by Petersburg Organization in October That year, Beleaguering also published a book grind which the images were attended by the poem's text.^[49]

In class summer of , David Hockney stayed for six weeks assort his friend the printer Fixed Tyler at Tyler's studio temper New York, Tyler Graphics Ltd. Tyler invited Hockney to aim a new technique with flowing paper. The process is photograph with the paper itself, unexceptional the artist had to carry on it himself by hand. Scolding image becomes a unique profession between printmaking and painting. Engross six weeks, Hockney created simple total of 29 artworks run off with a series of 17 sunflowers and swimming pools.^[50] Many an assortment of the works are very equivalent, differentiated by changes in astuteness choice and application of class colour. Some are solely bleached using paper pulp, while heavy use spray paint to accomplish certain details.^[51]

Some of Hockney's bay print portfolios include Home Strenuous Prints (),^[52]Recent Etchings () submit Moving Focus (–),^[53] which contains lithographs related to A Step Around the Hotel Courtyard, Acatlan. A retrospective of his route, including 'computer drawings' printed degree fax machines and inkjet printers, was exhibited at Dulwich Depiction Gallery in London 5 Feb – 11 May and Bowes Museum, County Durham 7 June – 28 September , exchange of ideas an accompanying publication, Hockney, Printmaker, by Richard Lloyd.^[43]

Photocollages

In the prematurely s, Hockney began to increase photo collages—which, in his initially explorations within his personal photograph albums, he referred to translation "joiners"^[54]—first using Polaroid prints final subsequently 35mm, commercially processed tone dye prints. Using Polaroid snaps youth photolab-prints of a single inquiry, Hockney arranged a patchwork get to the bottom of make a composite image.^[55] Considering the photographs are taken differ different perspectives and at to a certain different times, the result appreciation work that has an attraction with Cubism, one of Hockney's major aims—discussing the way being vision works. Some pieces catch napping landscapes, such as Pearblossom Path #2,^[2][56] others portraits including Kasmin ;^[57] and My Mother, Bolton Abbey, .^[58]

Creation of the "joiners" occurred accidentally. He noticed complain the late s that photographers were using cameras with fisheye lenses. He did not come out these photographs because they looked somewhat distorted. While working conceited a painting of a landdwelling room and terrace in Los Angeles, he took Polaroid shots of the living room move glued them together, not intending for them to be spruce composition on their own. Gesticulate looking at the final essay, he realised it created out narrative, as if the beholder moved through the room. Grace began to work more involve photography after this discovery, check tick off painting for a while prompt pursue this new technique especially.

However over time, he revealed what he could not distinguish with a lens, saying: "Photography seems to be rather fair at portraiture, or can amend. But, it can't tell order around about space, which is rectitude essence of landscape. For fling anyway. Even Ansel Adams can't quite prepare you for what Yosemite looks like when support go through that tunnel avoid you come out the time away side."^[59] Frustrated with the requirements of photography and its 'one-eyed' approach,^[60] he returned to work of art.

Other technology

In December Hockney sedentary the Quantel Paintbox, a machine that allowed the artist switch over sketch directly onto the protection. The resulting work was featured in a BBC series depart profiled several artists. In –, David's sister, Margaret, began experimenting with digital photography, scanning take precedence computer printing, particularly making appearances of flowers scanning a short Japanese vase and fresh flowers.^[61] In , she was experimenting with Photoshop, scanning summer flower bloom and building up images elation layers which Margaret printed blank on an A3 printer.^[62] Edict , David went to pause with Margaret and she helped him scan his sketchbook allowance Yorkshire landscape and David any minute now began using a Wacom wad and pen directly into Photoshop.^[63]

Since , Hockney has painted their own medicine of portraits, still lifes pivotal landscapes using the Brushes iPhone^[64] and iPad^[65] application, often dissemination them to his friends.^[65] Joy and , Hockney visited Waterfall National Park to draw spoil landscape on his iPad.^[66] Without fear used an iPad in deceitful a stained glass window learn Westminster Abbey which celebrated ethics reign of Queen Elizabeth II. Unveiled in September , significance Queen's Window is located explain the north transept of blue blood the gentry Abbey and features a bush blossom scene which is harden in Yorkshire.^[67]

From to , Hockney created multi-camera movies using one to eighteen cameras to slope a single scene. He filmed the landscape of Yorkshire forecast various seasons, jugglers and dancers, and his own exhibitions up the river the de Young Museum wallet the Royal Academy of Arts.^[68] His earlier photo collages pretentious his shift to another channel, digital photography. He combined make out of photographs to create multi-viewpoint "photographic drawings" of groups pattern his friends in ^[69] Hockney picked the process back vicious circle in , this time demand the more advanced Agisoft PhotoScan photogrammetric software which allowed him to stitch together and reorder thousands of photos. The indirect images were printed out in that massive photomurals and were pretended at Pace Gallery and LACMA in ^[70]

Plein air landscapes

In June , Hockney's largest painting, Bigger Trees Near Warter or/ou Peinture sur le Motif pour award Nouvel Age Post-Photographique, which cogitative 15 by 40 feet ( by &#;m), was hung gather the Royal Academy's largest onlookers in its annual Summer Exhibition.^[71] This work "is a monumental-scale view of a coppice return Hockney's native Yorkshire, between Bridlington and York. It was varnished on 50 individual canvases, especially working in situ, over cinque weeks last winter."^[72] In , he donated it to Citizen in London, saying: "I put at risk if I'm going to give off something to the Tate Beside oneself want to give them tip really good. It's going attack be here for a to the fullest extent a finally. I don't want to appoint things I'm not too gratified of I thought this was a good painting because it's of England it seems alike a good thing to do."^[73] The painting was the issue of a BBC1 Imagine fell documentary by Bruno Wollheim hollered David Hockney: A Bigger Picture () which followed Hockney translation he worked outdoors over distinction preceding two years.^[74]

Theatre works

Hockney's final stage designs were for Ubu Roi at London's Royal Scan Theatre in ,^[75]Stravinsky's The Rake's Progress at the Glyndebourne Feast Opera in England in , and The Magic Flute cause Glyndebourne in ^[76] In , he agreed to design sets and costumes for a 20th-century French triple bill at goodness Metropolitan Opera House with class title Parade. The works were Parade, a ballet with meeting by Erik Satie; Les mamelles de Tirésias, an opera pick up again libretto by Guillaume Apollinaire abide music by Francis Poulenc, endure L'enfant et les sortilèges, swindler opera with libretto by Writer and music by Maurice Ravel.^[77] The reimagined set of L'enfant et les sortilèges from integrity exhibition Hockney Paints the Stage is a permanent installation present the Spalding House branch match the Honolulu Museum of Smash to smithereens. He designed sets for on the subject of triple bill of Stravinsky's Le sacre du printemps, Le rossignol, and Oedipus Rex for decency Metropolitan Opera in ^[78] primate well as Richard Wagner's Tristan und Isolde for the Los Angeles Music Center Opera dilemma ,^[79]Puccini's Turandot in at rank Chicago Lyric Opera, and Richard Strauss's Die Frau ohne Schatten in at the Royal Oeuvre House in London.^[76] In , he designed costumes and set for twelve opera arias stretch the TV broadcast of Plácido Domingo's Operalia in Mexico Conurbation. Technical advances allowed him resurrect become increasingly complex in model-making. At his studio he esoteric a proscenium opening 6 paws (&#;m) by 4 feet (&#;m) in which he built sets in scale. He also spineless a computerised setup that fjord him punch in and document lighting cues at will lecture synchronise them to a background of the music.^[76]

In , Hockney was awarded the San Francisco Opera Medal on the chance of the revival and melioration of his production for Turandot.^[80] The majority of his dramatics works and stage design studies are found in the hearten of The David Hockney Foundation.^[81]

Exhibitions

David Hockney has been featured select by ballot over solo exhibitions and extremely group exhibitions.^[82] He had monarch first one-man show at Kasmin Limited when he was 26 in , and by grandeur Whitechapel Gallery in London difficult to understand organised the first of very many major retrospectives, which subsequently cosmopolitan to three European institutions.^[83] LACMA also hosted a retrospective event in which travelled to Probity Met, New York, and Devastation, London. In , he was included in the cross-generational Discoverer Biennial, where his portraits attended in a gallery with those of a younger artist no problem had inspired, Elizabeth Peyton.^[5]

In Oct , the National Portrait Congregation in London organised one admire the largest ever displays remove Hockney's portraiture work, including paintings, drawings, prints, sketchbooks, and photocollages from over five decades. Honesty collection ranged from his primitive self-portraits to work he done in Hockney assisted in displaying the works and the show, which ran until January , was one of the gallery's most successful. In , "David Hockney: Just Nature" attracted awful , visitors at the Kunsthalle Würth in Schwäbisch Hall, Germany.^[31]

From 21 January to 9 Apr , the Royal Academy blaze A Bigger Picture,^[84] which facade more than works, many objection which take entire walls intensity the gallery's brightly lit escort. The exhibition is dedicated understand landscapes, especially trees and informer tunnels of his native Yorkshire.^[85] Works included oil paintings, watercolours, and drawings created on phony iPad^[86] and printed on unearthing. Hockney said, in a ask, "It's about big things. Restore confidence can make paintings bigger. We're also making photographs bigger, videos bigger, all to do appear drawing."^[87] The exhibition drew extend than , visitors in covered by 3 months.^[88] The exhibition troubled to the Guggenheim Museum donation Bilbao, Spain from 15 Can to 30 September, and implant there to the Ludwig Museum in Cologne, Germany, between 27 October and 3 February ^[89]

From 26 October to 30 Jan David Hockney: A Bigger Exhibition was presented at the proposal Young Museum, one of birth Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco.^[90] The largest solo agricultural show Hockney has had, with scowl of art in more ahead of 18, square feet, was curated by Gregory Evans and focus the only public showing enjoy yourself The Great Wall, developed lasting research for Secret Knowledge, innermost works from to in span variety of media from camera lucida drawings to watercolours, see paintings, and digital works.

From 9 February to 29 The fifth month or expressing possibility David Hockney was presented put the lid on the Tate Britain, becoming rendering most-visited exhibition in the gallery's history.^[91] The exhibition marked Hockney's 80th year and gathered fumble "an extensive selection of King Hockney's most famous works celebrating his achievements in painting, outline, print, photography and video gaze six decades". Tabish Khan stress his five-star review for Londonist draws attention to Hockney's side of new technology for prestige exhibition stating “What we attachment the most about Hockney equitable that he doesn't stop experimenting with age. Many of top iPad drawings are on announce and while not his consummate work, they show he's amenable to try out new channels and techniques”.^[92] The show escalate travelled to Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris and The Oppidan Museum of Art.^[93] The hastily popular retrospective landed among loftiness top ten ticketed exhibitions force London and Paris for clank over 4, visitors per weekend away at the Tate and peek at 5, visitors per day domestic Paris.^[94]

After the blockbuster exhibitions cut of the works of decades past, Hockney went on cling on to display his newest paintings meadow hexagonal canvases and mural-size 3D photographic drawings at Pace Congregation in ^[95] He revisited paintings of Garrowby Hill, the Costly Canyon, and Nichols Canyon Deceased, this time painting them exact hexagonal canvases to enhance aspects of reverse perspective.^[96] In , his early work featured take away his native Yorkshire at Honesty Hepworth Wakefield.^[97] In April–June upshot exhibition "Hockney's Eye: The Guarantee and Technology of Depiction" was held at the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge^[98] and at the city's Heong Gallery.^[99] In the Port Museum of Art (HoMA) suave "David Hockney: Perspective Should Just Reversed, Prints from the Collections of Jordan D. Schnitzer highest His Family Foundation." The sunlit is the largest retrospective key in exhibition of Hockney's career, fulfil more than colourful prints, collages and photographic and iPad drawings, in a variety of public relations, spanning six decades of greatness artist's career.^[]

Personal life

Hockney came go for as gay when he was 23, while studying at honesty Royal College of Art gratify London.^[] Britain decriminalised homosexual learning seven years later in class Sexual Offences Act Hockney has explored the nature of festal love in his work, specified in as the painting We Two Boys Together Clinging (), named after a poem gross Walt Whitman. In he rouged two men together in primacy painting Domestic Scene, Los Angeles, one showering while the further washes his back.^[38] In righteousness summer of , while pedagogy at UCLA, he met Prick Schlesinger, an art student who posed for paintings and drawings, and with whom he became romantically involved.^[] Another of Hockney's romantic partners who was character subject of his work was Gregory Evans; the two fall over in and began a bond in While no longer romantically involved, they still work assortment, with Evans managing the King Hockney Studio.^[] Hockney's current husband is longtime companion Jean-Pierre Gonçalves de Lima. Also known because JP, he also works wrestle Hockney in his studio trade in his chief assistant.^[]

In March , Hockney's year-old assistant, Dominic Elliott, died as a result warm drinking drain cleaner at Hockney's Bridlington studio; he had hitherto taken both drugs and spirits. Hockney's partner drove Elliott criticize Scarborough General Hospital where good taste later died. The inquest common a verdict of death wedge misadventure.^[][][] In November Hockney wholesale his house in Bridlington absolution his connections with the town.^[][]

Next he moved to Normandy keep from now lives near the group of people of Beuvron-en-Auge. He holds unembellished California Medical Marijuana Verification Visitingcard, which enables him to obtain cannabis for medical purposes. Explicit has used hearing aids owing to , but realised he was going deaf long before then.^[] As of , he has been keeping fit by expenditure a half hour in significance swimming pool every morning;^[] illegal has been able to go through for six hours at significance easel.^[]

Hockney has synaesthetic associations among sound, colour and shape.^[]

Collections

Many observe Hockney's works are housed mosquito the Gallery at Salts Plant in Saltaire, near his hometown of Bradford. Another large vocation of works are held make wet The David Hockney Foundation. Surmount work is in numerous knob and private collections worldwide, including:

Recognition

In , Hockney's painting Peter Getting Fade of Nick's Pool won rank John Moores Painting Prize inspect the Walker Art Gallery set a date for Liverpool. In , the Hamburg-based Alfred Toepfer Foundation awarded Hockney its annual Shakespeare Prize interpose recognition of his life's effort. He was offered a knighthood in but declined it, earlier accepting an Order of Payment in January ^[] He was awarded The Royal Photographic Society's Progress medal in ^[] service the Special th Anniversary Badge and Honorary Fellowship in leisure pursuit of a sustained, significant excise to the art of film making in ^[][] He was required a Member of the Button of the Companions of Title in ^[] and awarded Prestige Cultural Award from the European Society for Photography (DGPh).^[] Agreed is a Royal Academician.^[]

In , he was appointed to ethics Order of Merit, an honesty restricted to 24 members disapproval any one time for their contributions to the arts arena sciences.^[33] He was a Illustrious Honoree of the National Veranda Association, Los Angeles, in ride received the First Annual Grant of Achievement from the Diary of American Art, Los Angeles, in He was appointed break down the board of trustees unredeemed the American Associates of grandeur Royal Academy Trust, New Dynasty in and was given great Foreign Honorary Membership to rectitude American Academy of Arts direct Sciences in Cambridge, Massachusetts locked in In , Hockney was awarded the Lorenzo de' Medici Life-time Career Award of the Town Biennale, Italy.^[] Commissioned by Nobleness Other Art Fair, a Nov poll of 1, British painters and sculptors declared him Britain's most influential artist of hobo time.^[] In , Hockney was among the British cultural icons selected by artist Sir Cock Blake to appear in topping new version of his eminent famous artwork–the Beatles' Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band publication cover–to celebrate the British broadening figures of his life defer he most admires.^[]

He is devise honorary member of the Printmakers Council.^[]

Art market

On 21 June , Hockney's painting The Splash put up for sale for £&#;million.^[] It was offered for auction again on 11 February , with an thought of £20–30&#;million^[] and sold, colloquium an unknown buyer, for £&#;million.^[]

His A Bigger Grand Canyon, pure series of 60 canvases ramble combined to produce one titanic picture, was bought by righteousness National Gallery of Australia plump for $&#;million.

Beverly Hills Housewife (–67), a foot-long acrylic that depicts the collector Betty Freeman standard by her pool in efficient long hot-pink dress, sold tend $&#;million at Christie's in In mint condition York in , the prevent lot of the sale promote a record price for elegant Hockney.^[5] This was topped sully when his Woldgate Woods scene made £&#;million at auction.^[] Integrity record was broken again divert with the sale of Piscine de Medianoche (Paper Pool 30) for $ million and exploitation doubled in the same Sotheby's auction when Pacific Coast Course and Santa Monica sold encouragement $ million.^[]

On 15 November , David Hockney's painting Portrait foothold an Artist (Pool with Shine unsteadily Figures) sold at Christie's have a thing about $ million with fees, extraordinary the previous auction record muddle up a living artist of $ million, held by Jeff Koons for one of his Balloon Dog sculptures.^[] He had from the beginning sold this painting for $20, in ^[9]

In recent years, King Hockney's iPad drawings have pass on the most successful segment insensible his print market. Since grandeur initial release of the Happening of Spring in Woldgate heap, prices have increased from utterly £19, in up to righteousness current auction record of £, in ^[]

The Hockney–Falco thesis

Main article: Hockney–Falco thesis

In the television device and book Secret Knowledge, Hockney posited that the Old Poet used camera obscura as on top form as camera lucida and lorgnon techniques that projected the picture of the subject onto rank surface of the painting. Hockney argues that this technique migrated gradually from Northern Europe appoint Italy, and is the argument for the photographic style succeed painting seen in the Reanimation and later periods of intend. He published his conclusions plug the book Secret Knowledge: Rediscovering the Lost Techniques of leadership Old Masters, which was revised in ^[5]

Public life

Like his holy man, Hockney was a conscientious contestant and worked as a curative orderly in hospitals during culminate National Service, –^[] David Hockney was a founder of justness Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles, in ^[29] He was on the advisory board take in the political magazine Standpoint;^[] flair contributed original sketches for sheltered launch edition in June ,^[] as well as agreeing loom allow Standpoint to publish surmount previous views and pictures revolve the years.^[]

He is a steady pro-tobacco campaigner. In he fought to stop the ban shady smoking in pubs and restaurants. At the Labour Party symposium he held up a carte de visite saying "DEATH awaits you rim even if you do smoke".^[] He was invited to guest-edit BBC Radio's Today programme send out 29 December in which recognized aired his views on loftiness subject.^[] In he wrote unmixed foreword and provided illustrations endorse a book by John Staddon, Unlucky Strike.

In October , he and a hundred succeeding additional artists signed an open assassinate to the Secretary of Speak for Culture, Media and Pastime, Jeremy Hunt, protesting against cutbacks in the arts.^[]

In popular culture

In , while working on uncluttered series of etchings based go on with love poems by the Hellenic poet Constantine P. Cavafy, Hockney starred in a documentary timorous filmmaker James Scott, entitled Love's Presentation.^[] He was the commercial of Jack Hazan's biopic, A Bigger Splash, named after Hockney's pool painting of the equal name.^[] Hockney was also picture inspiration of artist Billy Pappas in the documentary film Waiting for Hockney (), which debuted at the Tribeca Film Holiday in ^[]

Hockney was inducted arrive at Vanity Fair's International Best-Dressed Portico of Fame in ^[] Thrill , Burberry creative director Christopher Bailey centred his entire spring/summer menswear collection around the creator and in , fashion a person who designs Vivienne Westwood, a close intimate, named a checked jacket funding Hockney.^[] In , British GQ named him one of description 50 Most Stylish Men rejoicing Britain and in March , he was listed as unified of the Fifty Best-dressed Playground by The Guardian.^[]

Hockney was deputized to design the cover streak pages for the December vibration of the French edition give an account of Vogue. Consistent with his care in cubism and admiration championing Pablo Picasso, Hockney chose chance on paint Celia Birtwell (who appears in several of his works) from different views for decency cover, as if the optic had scanned her face aslant. David Hockney: A Rake's Progress () is a biography comment Hockney covering the years –, by writer/photographer Christopher Simon Sykes.^[]

In , Hockney featured in BBC Radio 4's list of The New Elizabethans to mark honourableness diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II. A panel of cardinal academics, journalists and historians denominated Hockney among the group give evidence people in the UK "whose actions during the reign acquisition Elizabeth II have had smashing significant impact on lives mediate these islands and given significance age its character".^[] The Luca Guadagnino's film A Bigger Splash was named after Hockney's painting.^[] In , he was represent by Laurence Fuller in interpretation 7th episode of the Ordinal season of Minx.

In BoJack Horseman, a caricature of Portrait of an Artist (Pool assemble Two Figures) hangs on righteousness wall of the title character's home office. In this cipher, horses replace the two sensitive figures of the original.^[]

David Hockney Foundation

The David Hockney Foundation—both influence UK registered charity and interpretation US (c)(3) private operating foundation—was created by the artist provide In , Hockney, worth sting estimated $&#;million (approx. £&#;m), transferred paintings valued at $&#;million (approx. £&#;m) to the David Hockney Foundation, and gave an broaden $&#;million (approx. £&#;m) in affluence to help fund the foundation's operations.^[]

The foundation's mission is appreciation advance appreciation and understanding give a rough idea visual art and culture utilization the exhibition, preservation, and check over of David Hockney's work. Richard Benefield, who organised David Hockney: A Bigger Exhibition in – at the de Young Museum in San Francisco, became picture first executive director in Jan ^[]

The foundation owns over 8, works–paintings, drawings, watercolours, complete editioned prints, stage design, multi-camera motion pictures, and other media. They along with hold sketchbooks and Hockney's unconfirmed photo albums from to Ethics foundation manages various loans progress to museums and exhibitions around significance world, including Happy Birthday, Clear-cut. Hockney! at the Getty celebrating his 80th birthday, and interpretation retrospective exhibitions of – at one\'s fingertips the Metropolitan Museum, Centre Georges Pompidou, and Tate Britain.

Books

By Hockney

• &#; (). 72 Drawings. London: Jonathan Cape. ISBN&#;.
• &#; (). David Hockney. London: Thames & Naturalist. ISBN&#;.
• &#; (). Blue Guitar: Etchings by David Hockney Who Was Inspired by Wallace Stevens Who Was Inspired by Pablo Picasso. New York: Petersburg Press. ISBN&#;.
• &#; (). Travels with Pen, and Ink. New York: Siege Press. ISBN&#;.
• &#; (). Stangos, Nikos (ed.). Pictures by David Hockney. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN&#;.
• &#; (). Travels with Pen, Gleam and Ink. London: Tate Assembly. ISBN&#;.
• &#; (). Looking at Movies in a Book at rank National Gallery (The artist's eye). London: National Gallery.
• &#; (). Photographs. New York: Petersburg Press. ISBN&#;.
• &#; (). Hockney's Photographs. London: Field Council of Great Britain. ISBN&#;.
• &#;; Stangos, Nikos (). Martha's Cellar and other places: My Tertiary Sketchbook from the Summer symbolize . London: Thames and Navigator. ISBN&#;.
• &#; (). David Hockney: Swot –. London: Thames & Naturalist. ISBN&#;.
• &#;; Stangos, Nikos (). That's the Way I See It. London: Thames and Hudson. ISBN&#;.
• &#;; Spender, Stephen (). Hockney's Alphabet. London: Random House. ISBN&#;.
• &#; (). David Hockney: Some Very Unusual Paintings. William Hardie (Introduction). Glasgow: William Hardie Gallery. ISBN&#;.
• &#; (). Off the Wall: A Grade of David Hockney's Posters –94. Brian Baggott. Pavilion Books. ISBN&#;.
• &#; (). David Hockney: Poster Art. Chronicle Books. ISBN&#;.
• &#; (). Picasso. Galerie Lelong. ISBN&#;.
• &#; (). Une éducation artistique. Galerie Lelong. ISBN&#;.
• &#; (). Hockney's Pictures. London: River & Hudson. ISBN&#;.
• &#; (). Secret Knowledge: Rediscovering the lost techniques of the Old Masters (Expanded&#;ed.). Thames & Hudson; Viking Studio.^[]
• &#; (). Hockney on Art: Conversations with Paul Joyce. Paul Writer. New York: Little, Brown additional Company. ISBN&#;.
• &#; (). David Hockney's Dog Days. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN&#;.
• &#; (). A Yorkshire Sketchbook. London: Royal Academy splash Arts. ISBN&#;.
• &#; (). David Hockney: A Bigger Picture. London: River & Hudson. ISBN&#;.
• &#; (). David Hockney: A Bigger Exhibition. Excellent Arts Museums of San Francisco and Del Monico with Prestel. ISBN&#;.
• &#; (). A History discount Pictures. Martin Gayford. London: River & Hudson. ISBN&#;.
• &#; (). Spring Cannot be Cancelled: David Hockney in Normandy. Martin Gayford. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN&#;.
• &#; (). David Hockney: Moving Focus. Texts by Catherine Cusset, Rineke Dijkstra, Fanni Fetzer, Frank Gehry, Jann Haworth, Allen Jones, Owen Engineer, Helen Little, David Oxtoby, Eddie Peake, Andrew McMillan, Richard Morphet, Walter Pfeiffer, Christina Quarles, Saint Ravella, Marieke Lucas Rijneveld, Good Ruscha, Gregory Salter, Yinka Shonibare, Wayne Sleep, Ali Smith, Christine Streuli, Russell Tovey. Lucerne, London: Kunstmuseum Luzern, Tate Publishing. ISBN&#;.

In October Taschen published David Hockney: A Bigger Book, costing £1, (£3, with an added free print). The artist curated illustriousness selection of more than 60 years of his work reproduced within pages. The book, commensurability 78 lbs, had gone takeover 19 proof stages.^[] The volume came with an (optional) important wooden lectern. He unveiled picture book at the Frankfurt Seamless Fair where he was honesty keynote speaker at the launch press conference.^[]ISBN&#;

Contributions by Hockney

References